Carbomer microgels as model yield-stress fluids

Abstract The review presents current research results for Carbopol-based microgels as yield-stress materials, covering three aspects: chemical, physical and rheological. Such a joint three-aspect study has no analog in the literature. chemical aspects of Carbopol polymers are presented terms cross-linking polymerization acrylic acid, their molecular structure, microgel formulation, polyacid dissociation neutralization, osmotic pressure associated immense swelling. characterization is focused on models shear-induced solid-to-liquid transition microgels, which formed mesoscopic particles typical soft matter materials. Models that describe interparticle effects to explain energy states at mesoscale scrutiny. Typical representatives utilize attributes jamming dispersions, micromechanical polyelectrolyte reactions. Selected relationships result from models, such scaling rules nondimensional flow characteristics also presented. rheological part discussion problems yield stress 2D 3D deformations, appearance magnitude wall slip. theory deformation rotational rheometers with graphs steady-state measurements, stress-controlled oscillation two types transient shear deformation. concluded suggestions future research.